機器人焊接工作站的組成部分有哪些？機器人焊接工作站的布局是根據產品的需求來設計的，一般弧焊機器人系統主要是由機器人、焊機、焊槍和電氣控制等設備組成。對于重磅板弧焊機器人焊接工作站，設備主要是由發那科機器人、林肯焊機、TBI焊槍、簡易的焊接工裝以及電氣控制柜等設備組成。

What are the components of a robot welding workstation? The layout of the robot welding workstation is designed according to the requirements of the product. Generally, the arc welding robot system is mainly composed of robots, welding machines, welding guns, and electrical control equipment. For the heavy-duty plate arc welding robot welding workstation, the equipment mainly consists of Fanuc robots, Lincoln welding machines, TBI welding guns, simple welding fixtures, and electrical control cabinets.

1. 焊接機器人

1. Welding robot

機器人焊接工作站選擇的機器人型號為SAIBON-1765，此機器人屬于中空結構手腕，電纜內置，第6軸手腕端部可承受的重量為20kg。焊接機器人通過采用高剛性手臂和的伺服技術，提高了機器人各個運動軸的加速度性能，縮短了動作時間，從而實現了高的生產率。此機器人的型號選擇基于覆蓋所需要焊接的工件直徑變化的范圍。

The robot model selected for the robot welding workstation is SAIBON-1765. This robot belongs to a hollow structure wrist with built-in cables. The end of the 6th axis wrist can withstand a weight of 20kg. The welding robot improves the acceleration performance of each motion axis of the robot, shortens the action time, and achieves high productivity by adopting high rigidity arms and advanced servo technology. The model selection of this robot is based on the range of changes in the diameter of the workpiece to be welded for coverage.

2. 焊機

2. Welding machine

焊機具有高性能焊接系統，可以通過系統數據提高生產力，保證焊接質量降低成本等優勢，在重工行業得到廣泛應用。焊機可以輸出的電流變化范圍較大，從5-550A，當整個電路為100%暫載率時，電流可以一直穩定在450A。此范圍的電流完全可以滿足現有的工件焊接生產所需要的電流。機器人主要是對焊接電源狀態的控制：送絲、退絲、送氣和焊接；對焊接參數的控制：電壓控制、焊接電流、送絲速度控制。焊接電源也同時給機器人的反饋信號：電弧電壓、焊接電流、粘絲信號和引弧成功信號等。通信方式安裝簡單，通過網絡接頭即可實現。

Welding machines have high-performance welding systems that can improve productivity, ensure welding quality, and reduce costs through system data. They are widely used in the heavy industry. The welding machine can output a wide range of current changes, ranging from 5-550A. When the entire circuit is at 100% temporary load, the current can remain stable at 450A. The current within this range can fully meet the current requirements for existing workpiece welding production. Robots mainly control the status of welding power supply, including wire feeding, wire withdrawal, gas supply, and welding; Control of welding parameters: voltage control, welding current control, wire feeding speed control. The welding power supply also provides feedback signals to the robot, including arc voltage, welding current, wire sticking signal, and successful arc ignition signal. The communication method is easy to install and can be achieved through network connectors.

3. 水箱和焊槍選型

3. Selection of water tank and welding gun

水箱作用主要是給焊槍進行冷卻的。在工作站設計時，水箱位置傳感器通過電線接入到PLC控制柜中，當水箱中的水降到某一個位置時，整個工作站電氣控制柜會通知三色燈進行報警，告訴操作者給水箱加水，保證了焊槍能夠長久使用，不會被焊接的時候因沒有冷卻水將焊槍燒壞。槍體外套管是由一整塊特質高鋼性不銹鋼通過CNC設備整體加工而成，非常強壯，配合TBI高吸能防碰撞傳感器工作時，即使發生碰撞也不用重新校槍。機器人焊接工作站選擇了水冷式的機器人焊槍，散熱快，降溫及時，焊槍的冷卻效果充分，避免導電嘴過燒，從而延長了導電嘴的壽命。

The main function of the water tank is to cool the welding gun. In the design of the workstation, the water tank position sensor is connected to the PLC control cabinet through wires. When the water in the water tank drops to a certain position, the electrical control cabinet of the entire workstation will notify a three color light to alarm, telling the operator to add water to the water tank, ensuring that the welding gun can be used for a long time and will not be burned out due to lack of cooling water during welding. The outer sleeve of the gun body is made of a whole piece of high-quality stainless steel processed by CNC equipment, which is very strong. When working with TBI high energy absorption anti-collision sensors, even if a collision occurs, there is no need to recalibrate the gun. The robot welding workstation has chosen a water-cooled robot welding gun, which has fast heat dissipation and timely cooling. The cooling effect of the welding gun is sufficient to avoid overheating of the conductive nozzle, thereby extending the service life of the conductive nozzle.

4. 清槍裝置和防撞器選型

4. Selection of gun cleaning device and anti-collision device

清槍裝置包含焊槍清理、剪絲、噴硅油三個功能，具有如下特點：清槍裝置的噴硅油裝置采用了雙噴嘴交叉噴射，使硅油能更好地到達焊槍噴嘴的內表面，確保焊渣與噴嘴不會發生死粘連。內置式噴油裝置由機器人通過電磁閥控制。相對封閉的噴油倉避免了油霧污染問題。相比其他，電氣布置非常簡單。

The cleaning device includes three functions: welding gun cleaning, wire cutting, and silicon oil spraying. It has the following characteristics: the silicon oil spraying device of the cleaning device adopts a double nozzle cross spraying, which allows the silicon oil to better reach the inner surface of the welding gun nozzle, ensuring that the welding slag and the nozzle do not have life and death adhesion. The built-in fuel injection device is controlled by a robot through an electromagnetic valve. The relatively enclosed fuel injection chamber avoids the problem of oil mist pollution. Compared to other brands, the electrical layout is very simple.